An E-Commerce Web Site Needs To Communicate Much More Than

An e-commerce web site needs to communicate much more than the average web site. Regular informational websites hope to receive site visitors long enough to keep their attention and share the information; e-commerce web sites want to get a visitor’s attention and provide a compelling argument to convince you to purchase their products. They’re either a small business or large retailer which depends on purchases or services made through their web site. The purpose of this critique is to explain the effectiveness and organization of the retail/e-commerce web site I have chosen with written and visual evidence provided. As I thought about e-commerce websites I use on a monthly, weekly, daily, or even rare basis, I decided to use a site that I†¦show more content†¦Both are two of the most important aspects for an e-commerce website since they’re a business. Company stability depends on purchases and how convincing they are that the public needs its products. I believe that this retailer website is not only effective in selling its products but is user friendly and straightforward when it comes to its homepage. As recommended, very minimal clicks and paths are needed to find what someone would be looking for along with options available to efficiently narrow down a search. I argue that the site is effective and successful in directing their customers and browsers with all the necessary information being requested within its homepage and pathways. Homepage As Reddish states, a homepage needs to be content-rich with few words. It also must fulfil six basic functions which are: 1) be findable through a search engine, 2) identify the site, 3) set the site’s tone and personality, 4) help you get a sense of what the site’s about, 5) continue the conversation quickly, and 6) send each person the right way (Redish 74). A good homepage will not require their customer, reader, and/or visitor to read too much. Everything should be provided for them in minimal verbiage and can immediately answer any question they have. Any links or answers should then be provided in an organized, efficient way. The Victoria’s Secret homepage I find is a very effective and successful e-commerce website when it comes to selling theirShow MoreRelatedThe Role Of Social Media On Global E Commerce1507 Words   |  7 PagesThe Role of Social Media in Global e-Commerce Name Affiliated Institution E-commerce is short for electronic commerce where the participants (companies) trade their products and services using computer networks. The buyers and sellers can use platforms like mobile commerce, electronic funds transfer, supply chain management, online transaction processing, data collection, internet marketing, electronic data interchange and inventory management systems. 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Media´s Negative Influence on Today´s Youth Essays

Have you ever watched a movie and later caught yourself daydreaming about the actors lives? Ever finished a movie then found yourself imitating the way the heroin talks, wears or walks? Do you not ever stop and wonder how much your views and attitude have been influenced by the media and what youre constantly exposed to? The media has an enormous influence over the lives of men, women, and teenagers. Today, individuals get affected by how people dress, talk, behave, and think trying to become another version of them. Media doesnt only have a positive effect on us, but it can also impact us negatively. Nowadays, the media is widespread in society in different forms (television, books, films, internet etc.), and its effects on†¦show more content†¦News has become less about informing people about realities, and more about telling people what their opinions should be. The reason behind this is that anchors and news presenters now give in their own opinions and interjections on any event that happens, which causes people to strongly believe in their opinion as they don’t expect the news reporter to spread false ideas. ïÆ'   Media has a lot of positive influence on society such as teens benefiting from media about different things in culture, fashion, news and politics...etc. this later makes it a way to come together and socialize and educate themselves and makes a better-informed society whose people make decisions based on their own information. 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Woolf and Mcewan How the Modern Became Postmodern Free Essays

Ian McEwan’s Atonement draws inspiration from and alludes to a vast number of 20th century modernist authors and works, both stylistically and thematically. For a novel to be considered a successful culmination to the reading of a large body of works, however, it must not be content with merely echoing the themes, styles, and forms of the past. Rather, it must extend them, add to them creatively, and attempt to pull them into contemporary readership. We will write a custom essay sample on Woolf and Mcewan: How the Modern Became Postmodern or any similar topic only for you Order Now While his thematic and stylistic allusions to 20th century greats such as Virginia Woolf show his intellectual knowledge of and debt to 20th century modernist writing, it is McEwan’s ability to transform these stylistic and thematic elements and mold them into a postmodern classic that makes Atonement a more than adequate culmination to the readings of a 20th century British Literature course. Stylistically, McEwan draws most heavily from the works of Virginia Woolf for the opening portion of Atonement. The slow pace of the opening, allowing for the painstakingly detailed description of nearly every scene, in addition to the examination of the psychological motives of multiple main characters, closely mirrors the style of Virginia Woolf, which she incorporates into the majority of her works. To quote a characteristically slow paced, though psychologically enriched, passage from the opening of Woolf’s Between the Acts, â€Å"Mrs. Manresa bubbled up, enjoying her own capacity to surmount, without turning a hair, this minor social crisis—this laying on of two more plates. For had she not complete faith in flesh and blood? and aren’t we all flesh and blood? and how silly to make bones of trifles when we’re all flesh and blood under the skin† (Woolf 39). The passage, to one unfamiliar with the stylistically innovative style of Woolf, seems to meander under the weight of an overly descriptive narrative and, more prominently, under the psychological musings of a character that, until a few pages previous, was nonexistent to the reader. The majority of Between the Acts contains passages of a similar style, of which this is only one randomly chosen example. As is true of many of the passages that can be found in any Woolfian novel, advancing the storyline is secondary to fleshing out the motives, thoughts, and feelings of the characters. With the plot safely set behind in-depth psychological examination in rank of importance, Woolf is free to experiment with a stream-of-consciousness style narrative in which psychological elements of the story feature more prominently than physical elements. In addition to the stream-of-consciousness for which she is well known, there are other characteristics common to much of Woolf’s work. For example, she has the tendency to describe a scene, more often than not, a natural scene, in painstaking detail, reluctant to add action that would too quickly further the narrative. Another passage from Between the Acts provides and adequate example of this, reading, â€Å"Here came the sun—an illimitable rapture of joy, embracing every flower, every leaf. Then in compassion it withdrew, covering its face, as if it forebore to look on human suffering. There was a fecklessness, a lack of symmetry and order in the clouds as they thinned and thicked. Was it their law, or no law they obeyed? † (Woolf 23). This description of nature essentially is of no consequence to the narrative yet the full passage describing the weather proceeds for almost a full page. The flowing, exceptionally detailed descriptions coinciding with an apparently lacking story line and an in-depth psychological view that the reader is privy to as a result of the stream-of-consciousness style, are all aspects of Woolfian literature that McEwan attempts to draw from and mold to his own postmodernist designs. While McEwan draws inspiration from Woolf in a way that would be just as simple for an author of less talent to do, his aims are far deeper reaching than an author who simply wishes to garner a comparison to Virginia Woolf. McEwan does borrow quite clearly from the stylings of Woolf, even commenting it upon it himself, writing, â€Å"we wondered if it owed a little too much to the techniques of Mrs. Woolf† (McEwan 294). Rather than be content with merely keeping her modernist conventions intact, however, he completely alters their meaning within the context of his own novel. In the opening portions of Atonement, for example, McEwan, in quite a similar way as Woolf, attempts to gain entry to the psychological depths of his characters. With the exception of a few broad passages required to move the story forward through dialogue or action, the majority of the opening is devoted to the internal monologues of the characters and an examination of their needs, desires, and feelings. This is clearly defined in the earliest pages as the ovel provides passages such as, â€Å"She wanted to leave, she wanted to lie alone, facedown on her bed and savor the vile piquancy of the moment, and go back down the lines of branching consequence to the point before the destruction began† (McEwan 14). This passage, one of many in a similar style throughout Atonement, attempts, in a stream-of-consciousness in the classic Woolfian sense, to examine the inner psyche of the character rather than force any sort physical, tangible action to occur. In this way, the storyâ€⠄¢s narrative may seem slow paced while the characters’ motives become more well known to the reader. This borrowing stylistically from Woolf is not necessarily important or groundbreaking, and is certainly no deciding factor in whether this novel should be viewed as a classic in coming decades. There have been many authors who have devoted the entirety of their works to the stream-of-consciousness fiction that Woolf helped to pioneer. As mentioned above, what makes McEwan an author deserving of longevity in his works is that the allusions are not merely presented, but are completely altered from their original meaning by the context of Atonement. He takes deeply alluded to modernist conventions and makes them Briony’s primary source of inspiration, seen most clearly when she ponders the new school of authors and realizes, â€Å"She no longer really believed in characters. They were quaint devices that belonged to the nineteenth century†¦Plots too were like rusted machinery whose wheels would no longer turn†¦It was thought, perception, and sensations that interested he, the conscious mind and how to represent its onward roll† (McEwan 265). There is a certain depth and complexity in the fact that McEwan represents these modernist conventions not as his own, but as those of a thirteen year old girl, the central character of his metanarrative. What McEwan does next with these modernist principles of writing is attempt to show that they too are vestiges of the past, doomed to fall in the face of a more ethical and moral fiction. Just as Briony rejects the realism of the authors of the nineteenth century, McEwan is rejecting the modernism of the 20th century in favor of a postmodernism. One of Briony’s internal monologues to which the reader is privy, begins, â€Å"The interminable pages about light and stone and water, a narrative split between three points of view, the hovering stillness of nothing much seeming to happen—none of this could conceal her cowardice† (McEwan 302). These characteristics, all of which have been shown to influence Woolfian literature, have all failed Briony’s attempt to hide what she knows she has done. The monologue continues in a similar vein with, â€Å"Did she really think she could hide behind some borrowed notions of modern writing, and drown her guilt in a stream—three streams! —of consciousness? †(McEwan 302). Her guilt and the moral and ethical implications of what she has done cannot be fixed through some outdated ideas of modernist fiction, which has no ethical consequences. There are allusions from dozens of modernists authors sprinkled throughout the length of Atonement. Unfortunately, the scope of this paper can give only one of the most prominent. In a similar fashion as with the Woolf example, however, McEwan nearly always thoughtfully engages the text to which he is alluding, but is not content to merely allow these allusions to sit idly in the novel with no sense of purpose. Rather, each of his numerous allusions has some greater purpose in Atonement as McEwan artfully transforms them into something that fits the overall scope of what he attempts to accomplish. Still, the question remains whether or not this book is an adequate culmination of all the readings in a 20th century British literature course. The fact that Atonement not only draws from modernist writers, many of whom are the focus of the aforementioned course, but attempts to extend them creatively and transform them from the 20th century modern to the 21st century postmodern makes Atonement an excellent novel and a fine culmination of a semester of 20th century British literature. Works Cited McEwan, Ian. Atonement. New York: Anchor Books, 2001. Woolf, Virginia. Between the Acts. New York: Harcourt, 2001. How to cite Woolf and Mcewan: How the Modern Became Postmodern, Essay examples

History of Prince Edward Island National Park-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the History of Prince Edward Island National Park. Answer: History of the Park Several residents of Canada visualize the combined ownership and journeying of the wilderness as an indissoluble part of the rights possessed by the citizens of Canada (Jago, 2018). However, the pure scenery offered by governmental campaigns and the particular idea of Canada as a rough country, are alien to the native people (Jago, 2018). Located 15 miles north of Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island National Park frames a limited, thirty seven mile long Bubbling Spring Trail Cavendish Beach territory band, down the length of the island's north shore. This park was established in the year 1937; in spite of the fact that it incorporates just seven square miles; the park is a proud owner of surprisingly variegated topography, including a portion of the finest saltwater shorelines in Canada, and also forests, lakes, sand dunes and marshes. Although the national park is one of the smallest of Canada's national parks, it holds the second position in popularity (Graham, 2018). Archeological excavations exposed that Paleo-Indians had resided here, ten thousand years ago; further evidence reveals that the Mi'kmaq, Acadians, French, English, Irish, and Scots were likewise early settlers of this particular place (Graham, 2018). Official History of the Park The establishment of the National Park has led to the re-settlement of certain natives. This process of re-settlement has somewhat unsettled the lives of the local fishermen and native farmers, who have been in in these professions for generations, to a considerable extent (Graham, 2018). Authentic survey suggests that the Indigenous tribes are not allowed much access into the Prince Edward Island National Park. References Graham, S. C. (2018). Authenticity from the Perspective of Locals: What Prince Edward Islanders Had to Say about Authentic Tourism Experiences.World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Social and Tourism Sciences,5(5). Jago, R. (2018).Canadas National Parks are Colonial Crime Scenes.The Walrus. Retrieved 24 February 2018, from https://thewalrus.ca/canadas-national-parks-are-colonial-crime-scenes/

Student Company Essays - Szd Speech, DraftGerald Roch,

Student Company Ben Broderson December 18, 2000 Student Company Paper Our student company, Wahawk Shop, had many strengths and weaknesses. I believe our biggest strength is our creativity. We had come up with a large amount of possible product ideas. We also had very creative advertising, both in posters and video. Another strength our company had was our product. We finally decided on can koozies and a deck of playing cards, screen-printed with the West High school logo. I think we had a good, original product at a fair price. Our company also had many weaknesses. Our biggest weakness was our lack of organization. Many people were hazy about exactly what was going on. I also think that business time was not always used to its full advantage. We spent almost two whole days, drawing possible logos on the black board, and then trying to vote for one. It was an important decision, but I felt the whole class did not need to spend that much time on it. I believe the company was about two things. First, its obviously designed to demonstrate the many steps involved in running a small business, from start to finish. It also serves a broader purpose of learning to work with others. In this company you need to trust others with responsibility. One person cannot do all the work. You need to learn how to communicate well with the others. Leadership is a necessity in this company, both with officers and the workers. A good president is needed to keep everyone together and working smoothly. The workers also need to be active too. The company can?t get anywhere when everyone just sits around waiting to be told what to do by an officer. I believe our officers did an okay job, but there is definitely room for improvement. Our president Adam Watters did an excellent job of making sure everything gets done, but I think he could have worked on keeping all of the employees involved. Friday meetings lacked organization, and time management. Only a few meetings were officially called properly. They felt very unorganized, with minimal involvement of employees. Time also could have been spent in more efficient ways. Marketing has done a great job, but they probably could have started sooner. I believe the company will be a success. If we sell our entire product, with no mistakes financing wise, we will pull a good profit. If we could do it again though, we should try to get our product decided, designed, and ordered sooner. We wasted a little too much company time in the beginning. I am extremely glad I took this class. Its gives you a hands on feel of the process involved in the business world. I learned its a lot harder than it looks. Budgeting money is a very important part, along with record keeping. It?s difficult to get a large group of people to work together smoothly and efficiently. Cooperation and compromising are essential. Everyone has there own favorite ideas but usually there has to be one final decision made, which can be difficult, but you need to learn to try new things and think different ways. I believe that I am much wiser than I was in the business world now.

Thrasymachus View of Justice essays

Thrasymachus View of Justice essays One of the foundations of our society is the presence and function of justice. It is a subject often taken for granted without much thought. What is justice? According to Thrasymachus a main character in the book The Republic justice or right is simply what is in the interest of the stronger party (338c). As stated, Thrasymachus argument consists of three parts which he attempts to explain and defend to all in attendance, including Socrates. Thrasymachus begins his argument by defining justice, he then defines the role of a ruler by likening him to a craftsman, and finally, he attempts to identify the disadvantages that come with a man being just versus being unjust. The first part of this outline will summarize Thrasymachus argument as to what justice is, and the second part will assess the validity of his arguments. In the first part of Book 1 of The Republic, Socrates questions conventional morality and attempts to define justice as a way for the just man to harm the unjust man (335d) ; however, Thrasymachus fully rejects this claim, and remarks that man will only do what is in his best interest, since human nature is, and should be ruled by self-interest, and he furthers this argument by implying that morality, and thus justice, is not what Socrates had suggested, but rather that it is simply a code of behaviour exacted on man by his ruler. Thrasymachus begins his argument by giving his definition of justice. He says that justice, or right is simply what is in the best interest of the stronger (338c). When questioned by Socrates on this point, he explains that each type of government (the stronger party) enacts types of justice that are in its own best interest, and expect full compliance from their subjects (the weaker party) because if the subjects were to not comply, they would be breaking the law, and would be punished. Those in attendance begin to question if, accor...

W1D Tacoma Narrows Bridge Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

W1D Tacoma Narrows Bridge - Essay Example As emphasized, if a different kind of design was used, specifically that of â€Å"Clark Eldridges original design for the 1940 Tacoma Narrows Bridge† (Washington State Department of Transportation: What if†¦?, 2005, par. 2), the bridge was perceived to have been able to stand the natural forces and wind speeds that it encountered. The fact was corroborated as a comprehensive evaluation of the cause of the failure finally attested that â€Å"aerodynamic forces never have been taken into consideration in the design of any bridge. Heretofore bridges have been designed to withstand static stresses only† (American Association of Physics Teachers, 2000, p. 14). Thus, the project’s failure was identified to have been sourced in the planning and design stage where information was noted to be crucial and paramount prior to implementation of the structural phase. Washington State Department of Transportation. (2005). Lessons From the Failure of a Great Machine. Retrieved February 24, 2015, from wsdot.wa.gov:

Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 35

Business - Essay Example The success of Apple Inc. is characterized by innovativeness, acquisitions, and product diversification. Apple Inc. is a company that has grown to a multinational with a great reputation across the world. In its path, innovation strategies, product diversification, and acquisitions have contributed greatly to its success. Apple Inc stands on the philosophy of â€Å"think different† which means the company is focused on innovation (Apple Inc, 2014). Apple has been consistent in the development of its products; they have embraced changes in several occasions hence developing products that have hit the market by storm. Another strategy the company has adopted is diversification. When the company was started, its sole mandate was to develop and sell personal computers. However, over time the company has diversified shifting from this role to that of developing and selling consumer electronics such as mobile gadgets, televisions, and iPods among others. The strategy utilized by Apple Inc is the differentiation strategy. Apple Inc. has developed various mechanisms to have a superior brand that differentiates itself from the competitors. The company’s innovativeness, leadership, and ability to embrace diversification of products characterize these strategies. In the electronic industry, Apple Inc. has created a respectable brand that people have confidence with. It has attracted technology enthusiasts and those in need of certain aspects in electronics. Creating an impressive brand promotes customers’ loyalty and presents psychological benefits to them. By remaining innovative and establishing new products that are unique from those of the competitors, the company is able to foster customer retention and hence brand loyalty. Various information systems are likely to give the company a competitive advantage over the rest. Such include the ability to use the social media platforms to market and create product awareness.

Corporate Social Responsibility Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Corporate Social Responsibility - Essay Example Corporate social responsibility, though very important, may rarely come without serious concern for better financial performance or increased market share. In other words, studies reveal that managers are more likely to opt for investment in social ventures if they are certain of monetary gains. Since in most cases social responsibility is closely linked with better financial performance, thus managers are willing to invest in ventures for the public good. Lydenberg et al. (1986) maintain that "Companies fight hard for even a small percentage gain in market share for their products. If and when corporate managers become convinced that their company's social record affects market share, they will be forced to take social initiatives seriously." Social responsibility has also become a buzzword because of the availability of a large variety of similar goods. When a product comes into the market, it has to fight very hard for consumer's attention because there are several other rival goods competing for the same. A marketing and design consultant (Neuborne, 1991) states: "There was a time when you bought a product just for its price or performance...but with the number of products available, it is increasingly difficult to differentiate one product from another." In this situation, a consumer may base his buying decision on a company's image and its commitment to public good. This is clearly indicated by a book, 'Shopping for a Better World' that has been selling millions of copies since it first came out in the market. the book rates and ranks companies according to their social responsibility performance. As a result of this in 1989 alone, 78% of buyers switched brands. (Davids1990). World Bank defines CSR as: "Corporate So cial Responsibility is a term describing a company's obligations to be accountable to all of its stakeholders in all its operations and activities." While it is now true that corporate social responsibility is highly desired, it has not always been the accepted practice for corporations. In 2004, for example, Henry Miller in The Miami Herald, Henry Miller wrote, "Businesses do not have social responsibilities; only people do." (Miller, 2004). Similarly 'The Economist' failed to see why corporations must be forced to adopt a socially responsible framework. Thus in its 2005, issue The Economist skeptically reviewed the firms that were contributing to tsunami relief effort: "All things considered, there is much to be said for leaving social and economic policy to governments."(The Economist) Milton Friedman was probably the first theorist and economic expert to reject the theory of "social conscience of business" when in 1970 essay, he declared: "There is one and only one social responsibility of business-to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits."

What Is Peer Pressure Health And Social Care Essay

What Is Peer Pressure Health And Social Care Essay Anorexia Nervosa is an eating disorder that causes people to obsess with their weight gain. People with anorexia limit the amount of food they eat drastically and can become extremely thin. A person with anorexia sees themselves as an obese individual even if they are skinny. Anorexia nervosa is not about the food the person consumes, but it is a way for the individuals to cope with their emotional problems. Although anorexia can occur in both sexes, it is much more common in females rather than males. Anorexia usually affects the teenagers and young adults. If this disorder goes untreated it can lead to serious health problems such as osteoporosis, kidney damage, heart problems, and eventually death. Anorexia nervosa has the highest death rate of any mental illness with five to twenty percent of people who develop the disease die from it. The exact causes of anorexia, like all other eating disorders are unknown but there are factors that could impact it. These factors include; havin g an anxiety disorder as a child, having a negative self-image, having eating disorder as a child, and having certain social ideas about health and beauty. A patient with anorexia attends to maintain a strict control over food intake by counting calories exactly. Some may enjoy cooking and serving food but not eating it; they may hide the food and claim that they ate it. Anorexia nervosa can be very difficult to cope with, and early treatment could be effective. The longer this disease goes untreated, the harder it is to eventually overcome.Anorexia Nervosa Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder that causes people lose more weight than is considered healthy for their age and height. Anorexia commonly affects women between the ages of 13 and 20. Anorexia causes serious health conditions such as osteoporosis, kidney damage, heart problems, and eventually death. About 10 through 15 percent of all people with anorexia will eventually die from physical or mental complications. Early detection is the best way to battle anorexia nervosa; approximately 60 percent of people with anorexia make a full recovery when detected early (Causes of Anorexia). Anorexia is caused by a fear of gaining weight, obesophobia, where the person has to practice unhealthy dieting habits to maintain this fear. A study found that adolescent girls were more fearful of gaining weight than getting cancer, nuclear war or losing their parents (Self Image/Media Influences). Although the causes of anorexia nervosa are unknown, there are many factors that can contribute to anorexia nervosa. An important factor that affects anorexia is social pressure, whether it is by peers or the media. Most female teenagers will develop anorexia nervosa because of body images portrayed by the media and peer pressure. Peer Pressure What is Peer Pressure? Peer pressure is influence from a members peer group. Whether it is by a boyfriend, peer, coworker, or sibling. When people receive criticism they are at increased risk of a number of mental health issues, including poor body image and eating disorders. Troubling behaviors range from a dirty look when taking a second helping of food at the dinner table to persistent weight-related bullying by ones peers (Ross, 2012). How does Peer Pressure affect anorexia? Peer pressure can also impact teens into becoming anorexic. Bullying is the most common type of peer pressure. Someone may make remarks about another persons body image or weight and that causes that person to feel dissatisfied with their body. This in turn causes the person to practice unhealthy dieting. This is very common among teens who are constantly being judge based on their looks. In movies, particularly, but also in television shows and the accompanying commercials, womens and girls appearance is frequently commented on: 58 percent of female characters in movies had comments made about their looks, as did 28 percent in television shows and 26 percent of the female models in the accompanying commercials (Body Image Nutrition). Peer pressure has a major impact on how we look at ourselves; it can alter our behavior and cause us to practice unhealthy ones. Media Portrayal What is Media? The media is an important aspect of our daily lives. Media is all around us: it includes Television sets, billboards, magazines, newspapers, and the Internet. Media also includes social networking sites which most teens nowadays are engaged in. About 95 percent of people own a TV set and watch for an average of 3-4 hours per day. By the end of the last century 50 percent of women read a newspaper each day and nearly half of all girls, from the age of 7 read a girls magazine each week (Jade, 2009). Media is also used to target certain age groups to buy a specific product. In this case media targets teen girls to sell beauty products. During shows that are watched mostly by teen girls 56 percent of commercials are about beauty as a product appeal. Also one in three articles in leading teen magazines contain 50 percent of advertisements focus on appearance. It is everywhere we turn and we face it every day of our lives. How does Media affect anorexia nervosa? Everywhere we turn we see models that are extremely underweight. These models are considered the ideal image of beauty. An average US woman is 54 tall weighing about 140 pounds while the average US model is 511 and weigh about 117 pounds (Health Wellness Article, 2000). When teens see these models they desperately want to be like them. According to a study in Pediatrics, about two-thirds of girls in the 5th to 12th grades said that magazine images influence their vision of an ideal body, and about half of the girls said the images made them want to lose weight. Teens become dissatisfied with their bodies; this can explain why 80 percent of US women do not like how they look (Ross, 2012). On a study done with thirteen year olds found that 53 percent of American girls are unhappy with their bodies, these increases to 78 percent by the time these girls reach the age of seventeen (Body Image Nutrition). This in turn causes them to become obsess with their weight to match that of the models they see each day. In a survey done by the National Heart, Lung and Blood institute found that 40 percent of girls 9 and 10 years old have tried to lose weight. According to statistics from the National Eating Disorders Association, by the time they reach college, 92 percent of young women have tried to control weight through dieting, and 22 percent often or always diet (Health Wellness Article, 2000). Gradually these teens develop a drastic fear of gaining weight. References A.D.A.M. Medical Encyclopedia. ( 2012, February 13). Retrieved from Pubmed Health: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001401/ Health Wellness Article. (2000, July 5). Retrieved from Tree: http://www.tree.com/health/eating-disorders-anorexia-causes.aspx Anorexia Nervosa Health center. (2011, August 25). Retrieved from WebMD: http://www.webmd.com/mental-health/anorexia-nervosa/anorexia-nervosa-topic-overview Body Image Nutrition. (n.d.). Retrieved 1 20, 2013, from Teen Health and the Media: http://depts.washington.edu/thmedia/view.cgi?section=bodyimagepage=fastfacts Causes of Anorexia. (n.d.). Retrieved January 20, 2013, from Eating Disorders mirror mirror: http://www.mirror-mirror.org/causes-of-anorexia.htm Cemanovic, M. (2006, December 18). The Effects of Media on the Skinny Side of Eating Disorders. Retrieved from Ezine @rticles: http://ezinearticles.com/?The-Effects-of-Media-on-the-Skinny-Side-of-Eating-Disordersid=390528 Gould, B. E., Dyer, R. M. (2011). Pathophysiology for the Health Professions. In B. E. Gould, R. M. Dyer, Pathophysiology for the Health Professions (pp. 420-421). Jeanne Olson. Inge, C. (2010, July 29). Peer Pressure: Eating Disorders. Retrieved from Examiner.com: http://www.examiner.com/article/peer-pressure-eating-disorders Jade, D. (2009). THE MEDIA AND EATING DISORDERS. Retrieved from National Centre for Eating Disorders: http://www.eating-disorders.org.uk/media-and-eating-disorders.html Ross, C. C. (2012, June 1). World of Psychology. Retrieved from PsychCentral: http://psychcentral.com/blog/archives/2012/06/02/why-do-women-hate-their-bodies/ Self Image/Media Influences. (n.d.). Retrieved from Just Say YES: http://www.justsayyes.org/topics/self-image-media-influences/ Staff, M. C. (2012, January 5). Anorexia nervosa. Retrieved from Mayo Clinic: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/anorexia/DS00606

Circularity and Stability :: Philosophy Philosophical Papers

Circularity and Stability William Alston argues that there is no way to show that any of our basic sources of belief is reliable without falling into epistemic circularity, i.e. relying at some point on premises that are themselves derived from the very same source. His appeal to practical rationality is an attempt to evaluate our sources of belief without relying on beliefs that are based on the sources under scrutiny and thus without just presupposing their reliability. I argue that this attempt fails and that Ernest Sosa’s appeal to the coherence theory of justification fails, too, if it is understood as an attempt to find a similar external evaluation of our sources of belief that does not just assume their reliability. I concluded that there is no alternative to taking an internal view to our own reliability and embracing epistemic circularity. Why suppose that any of the bases on which we regularly and unquestionably form beliefs are reliable? Why suppose that sense perception, in particular, is a reliable source of information of the physical environment? These are questions that William Alston raises in his recent books Perceiving God (1991) and The Reliability of Sense Perception (1993). He argues that there is no way to show that any of our basic sources of belief is reliable without falling into epistemic circularity. There is no way to show that such a source is reliable without relying at some point or another on premises that are themselves derived from that source. So we cannot have any non-circular reasons for supposing that the sources on which we base our beliefs are reliable. Alston thinks, however, that there is a way of evaluating the reliability of our sources of belief that is independent of the beliefs based on those sources and that does not therefore fall into circularity. I will argue that Alston's attempt to find such an external support for our sources of beliefs fails. I will also consider Ernest Sosa's (1994, 1995) most recent attempt to deal with the problem and argue that if it is understood as a related attempt to find an external standpoint from which to evaluate our sources of belief, it fails, too. I will conclude that there is no alternative to a purely internal approach in which we evaluate our sources of beliefs in terms of the beliefs that derive from the very same sources and thus to embracing epistemic circularity.